Polarity and Gender Modality
has top concept: Masculine
type: ConceptScheme
preferred label: Polaridade e modalidade de gênero @pt
has top concept: Aspect-Dependent
description: Controlled terms for describing metaphysical polarity or gendered alignment in ritual address, cosmology, and manifestation. This scheme does not describe biological sex. Multiple concepts may apply to a single entity via different paths (iroko:RelationshipAssertion with assertionScope for camino-level distinctions).
has top concept: Feminine
has top concept: Androgynous
preferred label: Ìṣọ̀kan agbára àti ìwà ìbálò @yo
preferred label: Polaridad y modalidad de género @es
preferred label: Polarité et modalité de genre @fr
has top concept: Apolaire
has top concept: Temporal

Spirit Kinship Relations
has top concept: spouse of
has top concept: mother of
preferred label: Relations de parenté spirituelle @fr
has top concept: parent of
has top concept: sibling of
preferred label: Ìbátan ẹ̀mí sí ẹ̀mí @yo
has top concept: sister of
has top concept: twin of
has top concept: child of
label: Spirit Kinship Relation Types
type: ConceptScheme
preferred label: Relações de parentesco espiritual @pt
has top concept: brother of
preferred label: Relaciones de parentesco espiritual @es
has top concept: father of
description: Controlled kinship relation types for spirit-to-spirit relationship assertions. Used as the range of iroko:relationType on iroko:RelationshipAssertion nodes. Kinship in this context is cosmological, not biological.

temperament
range: Concept
type: ObjectProperty
comment: General temperament classification. Values from TemperamentScheme: iroko:temperament-cool-sweet, iroko:temperament-hot-fierce, iroko:temperament-transformative, iroko:temperament-liminal. Access: public-unrestricted.
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
domain: Spiritual Entity

color
comment: Sacred color or color combination associated with this entity. Example: white (Obatala), yellow and gold (Oshun), red and white (Shango). Access: public-unrestricted.
type: DatatypeProperty
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
domain: Spiritual Entity
range: string

path offering (detailed)
domain: Path
minimum access level: access-initiated-only
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Offering details specific to this path. May differ significantly from parent entity offerings. Access: initiated-only.

Nfumbe
type: Concept
definition: The human dead bound to a nganga in Palo Monte and Mayombe. Ontologically distinct from free ancestors (egun): the nfumbe enters a specific contractual and coercive relationship with the Palero and the nganga vessel. The nfumbe works within the nganga and is not free.
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
scope note: Nfumbe should not be classified as egun. The bound nature of the nfumbe is a defining characteristic with significant ethical and archival implications.

element
domain: Spiritual Entity
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
comment: Natural element or sphere associated with this entity. Example: ocean (Yemaya), river (Oshun), cemetery (Oya Igbale, Baron Samedi), forest (Ochosi, Ogun). Access: public-unrestricted.
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty

offering (general)
type: ObjectProperty
range: Concept
comment: General category of offering accepted by this entity. Values from OfferingTypeScheme. Access: public-unrestricted.
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
domain: Spiritual Entity

related entity
domain: Spiritual Entity
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Another spiritual entity with a significant relationship to this one. Example: Elegba and Ogun (road and iron); Oya and Shango (consort). Access: public-unrestricted.
range: Spiritual Entity

Spiritual Entity
comment: A divine power, ancestral spirit, nature spirit, adversarial force, or personal essence recognized and engaged within an Afro-Atlantic tradition. Includes orisa, lwa, mpungo/inquice, vodun, egun, ajogun, Ori, Espiritismo guides and commissions, and spirits of place and element.
type: Class
subclass of: Spirit

taboo
domain: Spiritual Entity
range: string
minimum access level: access-community-only
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Prohibitions associated with this entity: foods, behaviors, or materials to avoid. Access: community-only.

path color
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Path
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
comment: Color specific to this path, which may differ from the parent entity's general colors. Access: public-unrestricted.
range: string

Temporal
preferred label: Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àsìkò @yo
type: Concept
in scheme: Polarity and Gender Modality
preferred label: Temporel @fr
definition: Polarity shifts according to time of year, liturgical calendar, season, or ritual period. The shift is cyclical and predictable, not camino-specific.
alternative label: Seasonal polarity shift

Drink
definition: Liquids offered to an entity: water, rum, wine, honey, etc.
in scheme: Offering Type Classification
type: Concept

Androgynous
preferred label: Akọ àti abo papọ̀ @yo
in scheme: Polarity and Gender Modality
preferred label: Andrógino @pt
definition: Masculine and feminine qualities are simultaneously present and inseparable. Distinct from aspect-dependent, where polarity shifts between manifestations.
example: Obatala in many lineages simultaneously embodies masculine and feminine principles, expressed in white, stillness, and completion.
type: Concept
preferred label: Androgyne @fr

Path
type: Class
subclass of: SacredEntity
comment: A distinct manifestation, aspect, or camino of a spiritual entity. Paths share the parent entity's fundamental nature but have distinct domains, temperaments, colors, numbers, offerings, and sometimes distinct syncretic identities. Example: Oya Yansa (fierce warrior aspect) vs. Oya Igbale (governess of the cemetery). Paths are not separate entities but distinct faces of the same power.

Transformative
definition: Entities whose primary nature is change, transition, and transformation. Neither simply cool nor hot; work with both destruction and creation. Example: Oya, Elegba.
type: Concept
in scheme: Temperament Classification

Egun
alternative label: The Dead
definition: The ancestral dead across Afro-Atlantic traditions. Not tradition-specific: encompasses egungún (Yoruba), the dead honored at boveda (Espiritismo), ancestral courts in Vodou, and the honored dead in all traditions where ancestors are engaged. The dead precede and supersede the orisa and lwa in most traditions.
type: Concept
alternative label: Ancestors
alternative label: Eggun
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
scope note: Egun as a category is deliberately cross-traditional. Tradition-specific practices of ancestral engagement are documented via the iroko:tradition property on individual instances.

Commission Type Classification
has top concept: Medical Commission
has top concept: Indio
has top concept: Intranquil Spirit
has top concept: Gitano
has top concept: Congo
has top concept: Arabe
description: Named commissions (comisiones) in Espiritismo. Each commission represents a group of spirits sharing a common historical, cultural, or archetypal identity. Documented on espiritu-commission entities via iroko:commissionType.
type: ConceptScheme
has top concept: Marinero
has top concept: Madama
has top concept: Celestial Commission
has top concept: Africano

sibling of
scope note: Use when gendered sibling distinction is absent or contested in source material.
preferred label: irmão ou irmã de @pt
in scheme: Spirit Kinship Relations
preferred label: ará fún @yo
type: Concept
preferred label: frère ou sœur de @fr
preferred label: hermano o hermana de @es

Shrine
type: Class
subclass of: SacredSpecimen
comment: A consecrated physical space or vessel housing a spiritual entity. Includes ile (houses), soperas, nganga, peristyle altars, and boveda. Shrine records link physical location and custody to the entity and tradition. Operational shrine details are access-restricted.

Congo
in scheme: Commission Type Classification
type: Concept
definition: Commission of Kongo-derived spirits in Espiritismo. Work with earthy, transformative, and protective matters. Bridge between Espiritismo and Palo traditions in syncretic practice.

Espiritu Guia
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
type: Concept
alternative label: Guide
definition: A personal spirit guide in the Espiritismo tradition. Part of an individual's cuadro espiritual (spiritual frame). Guides may be ancestral relatives, historical figures, or evolved spirits assigned to assist a specific person. Identified through mediumship and misa espiritual.
alternative label: Spirit Guide

Vodun
type: Concept
alternative label: Vodu
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
definition: Divine forces in Fon/Ewe-derived traditions including Arara in Cuba. Related to but distinct from Haitian lwa; represents the continental Dahomean tradition.

Lwa (Petwo)
alternative label: Loa Petro
definition: Spirits of the Petwo nanchon in Haitian Vodou. Hot, fierce, and transformative in temperament. Kongo, New World maroon, and creole origins. Associated with fire and gunpowder.
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
type: Concept

shrine
minimum access level: access-community-only
domain: Spiritual Entity
comment: Links a spiritual entity to a documented shrine or vessel. Access: community-only.
range: Shrine
type: ObjectProperty

Spirit of Element
type: Concept
definition: Spirits governing elemental forces — water, wind, fire, earth, lightning — not otherwise classified as orisa, lwa, or other named divine powers. Includes elemental presences recognized in folk traditions and syncretic contexts.
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
alternative label: Elemental Spirit

salutation
type: DatatypeProperty
minimum access level: access-initiated-only
domain: Spiritual Entity
comment: Formal greeting or praise name used when addressing this entity in ceremony. Access: initiated-only.
range: string

offering (detailed)
type: DatatypeProperty
minimum access level: access-initiated-only
comment: Specific offering details: exact foods, quantities, preparation methods. Access: initiated-only.
domain: Spiritual Entity
range: string

Cloth/Fabric
definition: Fabric, beads, or clothing offered or draped for an entity in the entity's sacred colors.
type: Concept
in scheme: Offering Type Classification

Masculine
preferred label: Masculino @pt
definition: Consistent masculine polarity in ritual address, manifestation, and alignment across known caminos.
type: Concept
preferred label: Akọ @yo
preferred label: Masculin @fr
in scheme: Polarity and Gender Modality

Water
in scheme: Offering Type Classification
definition: Fresh water, ocean water, river water, or blessed water offered to an entity.
type: Concept

child of
preferred label: enfant de @fr
preferred label: ọmọ fún @yo
preferred label: hijo o hija de @es
type: Concept
in scheme: Spirit Kinship Relations
preferred label: filho ou filha de @pt

Offering Type Classification
has top concept: Cloth/Fabric
has top concept: Candle/Light
has top concept: Food
has top concept: Water
has top concept: Music/Song
has top concept: Labor/Action
description: General categories of offerings given to spiritual entities. Specific quantities and preparation are access-restricted; these general categories are public.
type: ConceptScheme
has top concept: Animal
has top concept: Sacred Object
has top concept: Plant/Herb
has top concept: Drink
has top concept: Money/Coin

twin of
preferred label: gêmeo ou gêmea de @pt
type: Concept
preferred label: ìbejì fún @yo
preferred label: gemelo o gemela de @es
preferred label: jumeau ou jumelle de @fr
scope note: In Lucumí cosmology, Ibeji (twins) hold specific sacred status. This relation type should be used with iroko:assertionStatus to indicate whether the twin relationship is consensual or lineage-specific.
in scheme: Spirit Kinship Relations

Lwa (Ghede)
alternative label: Gede
type: Concept
alternative label: Loa Gede
definition: Spirits of the Ghede nanchon in Haitian Vodou. Govern death, sexuality, resurrection, and the boundary between living and dead. Liminal in temperament. Composite New World origins distinct from both Rada and Petwo.
in scheme: Entity Type Classification

Arabe
type: Concept
in scheme: Commission Type Classification
alternative label: Moro
alternative label: Arab
definition: Commission of Arab or Moorish spirits. Work with commerce, prosperity, and esoteric knowledge. Reflect historical Moorish presence in Iberian culture transmitted to the Caribbean.

father of
type: Concept
preferred label: padre de @es
preferred label: pai de @pt
preferred label: bàbá fún @yo
preferred label: père de @fr
in scheme: Spirit Kinship Relations

Cool/Sweet
alternative label: Rada
in scheme: Temperament Classification
alternative label: Frio
type: Concept
definition: Entities of cool, gentle, beneficent energy. Approached with white and light colors, cool water, and gentle offerings. Example: Obatala, Yemaya (certain paths), Rada lwa.

path
comment: Links a SpiritualEntity to its known Path instances (caminos/avatars). A single entity may have many paths. Access: public-unrestricted.
range: Path
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Spiritual Entity

path domain
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Path
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
range: string
comment: The specific domain of this path, which may differ from the parent entity's general domain. Example: Oshun Ibu Kole governs vultures and transformation, distinct from Oshun's general river domain. Access: public-unrestricted.

Spirit of Place
definition: Spirits tied to specific locations, landscapes, or natural features: forests, rivers, crossroads, mountains, specific trees or stones. Not the dead, not divine powers, not malevolent by nature. Engaged through offering and acknowledgment. Found across multiple traditions including Hoodoo and syncretic folk practices.
alternative label: Woodland Spirit
scope note: The term Faires may reflect crossover from European folk traditions into Hoodoo and syncretic contexts. Terminological certainty varies by regional tradition. Document tradition-specific terminology via iroko:alternateNames and iroko:tradition on individual instances.
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
alternative label: Spirit of the Land
type: Concept
alternative label: Faires

syncretic identity
type: DatatypeProperty
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
domain: Spiritual Entity
range: string
comment: Catholic saint or other syncretic correspondence for this entity. Prevents santos from slipping through classification gaps. Example: Shango syncretizes with Santa Barbara in Lucumi; Ogou with Saint Jacques in Vodou. Free text to accommodate regional and lineage variation. Access: public-unrestricted.

Espiritu de Commission
alternative label: Commission Spirit
type: Concept
definition: A spirit belonging to a named commission (comision) in Espiritismo. Commissions are groups of spirits sharing a common historical, cultural, or archetypal identity. Commission type is documented via iroko:commissionType property and the CommissionTypeScheme.
in scheme: Entity Type Classification

Iroko Framework: Nkisi Module (Spiritual Entities)
creator: Iroko Historical Society
version IRI: https://ontology.irokosociety.org/iroko-nkisi/1.3.0
created: 2026-02-18
imports: iroko-core
modified: 2026-03-07
license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
type: Ontology
is part of: iroko-framework
references: iroko-narrative
version info: 1.3.0
description: Domain module. Vocabulary for documenting spiritual entities across Afro-Atlantic traditions. Covers orisa, lwa, mpungo/inquice, vodun, egun, ajogun, nature spirits, Espiritismo guides and commissions, and Ori. Supports path/camino modeling, shrine documentation, and syncretic identity tracking. Use with iroko-agency for manifestation events; iroko-authority to govern who may assert claims about entity identity, kinship, or caminos; iroko-narrative for patakí, odù verse attribution, and contested kinship claims.
references: iroko-agency
references: iroko-authority

Apolaire
preferred label: Apolar
definition: Not described in gendered or polarity terms, or explicitly transcending the masculine/feminine binary. Not the same as unknown.
type: Concept
alternative label: Beyond polarity
in scheme: Polarity and Gender Modality
preferred label: Àìní ìṣọ̀kan @yo

path syncretic identity
domain: Path
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
range: string
comment: Catholic saint or other syncretic correspondence specific to this path, if different from parent entity. Example: some paths of Oshun correspond to Our Lady of Charity; others to Our Lady of Candelaria. Access: public-unrestricted.
type: DatatypeProperty

path name
range: string
comment: The name of this specific path or camino. Example: Oya Yansa, Oya Igbale, Oshun Ibu Kole, Obatala Ocha Grinan. Access: public-unrestricted.
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Path
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted

sacred number
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Sacred number or numbers associated with this entity. Example: 8 (Oshun), 16 (Obatala), 4 and 6 (Shango). Access: public-unrestricted.
domain: Spiritual Entity
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted

Temperament Classification
has top concept: Cool/Sweet
has top concept: Hot/Fierce
type: ConceptScheme
has top concept: Transformative
has top concept: Liminal
description: Temperament or spiritual disposition of an entity or path. Reflects the nature and quality of the entity's energy and how it is approached in ritual.

Lwa (Rada)
definition: Spirits of the Rada nanchon in Haitian Vodou. Generally cool, sweet, and beneficent in temperament. Primary Fon/Dahomey origins. Received with white and light colors.
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
type: Concept
alternative label: Loa Rada

brother of
preferred label: irmão de @pt
preferred label: hermano de @es
type: Concept
preferred label: ẹ̀gbọ́n tàbí àbúròkùnrin fún @yo
preferred label: frère de @fr
in scheme: Spirit Kinship Relations

entity type
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
type: ObjectProperty
range: Concept
domain: Spiritual Entity
comment: Classification of this spiritual entity within the EntityType scheme. Values: iroko:entityType-orisa, iroko:entityType-lwa-rada, iroko:entityType-lwa-petwo, iroko:entityType-lwa-ghede, iroko:entityType-mpungo-inquice, iroko:entityType-vodun, iroko:entityType-ori, iroko:entityType-egun, iroko:entityType-nfumbe, iroko:entityType-espiritu-guia, iroko:entityType-espiritu-commission, iroko:entityType-spirit-of-place, iroko:entityType-spirit-of-element, iroko:entityType-ajogun. Access: public-unrestricted.

traditional name
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Name of this entity in its tradition of origin. May differ from diaspora names. Example: Sango (Yoruba continental) vs. Shango (Lucumi) vs. Xango (Candomble). Access: public-unrestricted.
domain: Spiritual Entity
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted

domain
domain: Spiritual Entity
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The sphere of influence or governance of this entity. Example: iron, war, roads (Ogun); love, rivers, beauty (Oshun); wind, death, transformation (Oya). Access: public-unrestricted.
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted

Gitano
alternative label: Gypsy
definition: Commission of Romani spirits. Work with divination, luck, commerce, and love. Often approached for card reading and matters of fortune.
type: Concept
in scheme: Commission Type Classification

path number
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Sacred number specific to this path. Access: public-unrestricted.
domain: Path

Entity Type Classification
type: ConceptScheme
has top concept: Espiritu de Commission
has top concept: Spirit of Element
has top concept: Nfumbe
has top concept: Mpungo/Inquice
description: Classification of spiritual entity types across Afro-Atlantic traditions. Organized by ontological category: divine powers, personal essence, ancestral spirits, nature spirits, and adversarial forces.
has top concept: Lwa (Petwo)
has top concept: Ori
has top concept: Orisa
has top concept: Espiritu Guia
has top concept: Spirit of Place
has top concept: Egun
has top concept: Lwa (Rada)
has top concept: Ajogun
has top concept: Lwa (Ghede)
has top concept: Vodun

Celestial Commission
alternative label: Comision Celestial
in scheme: Commission Type Classification
type: Concept
definition: Commission of highly evolved or elevated spirits associated with light, purity, and spiritual advancement. May include spirits identified as angels or exalted ancestors.

Ajogun
scope note: Ajogun are not evil spirits in a moral sense but cosmic forces of adversity that must be balanced. Their propitiation is a legitimate archival and ritual category distinct from orisa worship.
alternative label: Adversarial Force
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
definition: Adversarial cosmic forces in Yoruba cosmology. The principal Ajogun are Iku (Death), Arun (Disease), Ofo (Loss), Egba (Paralysis), Oran (Legal Trouble), Epe (Curse), Ewon (Imprisonment), and Ese (all other afflictions). Powerful forces that are propitiated or deflected rather than worshipped. Not deities; not ancestors; ontologically distinct from orisa.
type: Concept

Liminal
in scheme: Temperament Classification
definition: Entities who exist at thresholds — between life and death, sacred and profane, this world and the next. Example: Ghede lwa, Eshu/Elegba as gatekeeper, Oya Igbale.
type: Concept

Africano
definition: Commission of African spirits, often depicted as enslaved Africans or African elders. Work with strength, protection, and grounding. Among the most powerful commissions.
in scheme: Commission Type Classification
type: Concept

Mpungo/Inquice
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
alternative label: Mpungu
type: Concept
alternative label: Inquice
definition: Divine forces in Bantu-derived traditions: Mpungo in Palo Monte and Mayombe, Inquice in Candomble Angola. These are the same cosmic powers known by different names in the Kongo religious continuum. Example: Zarabanda (Palo) corresponds to Ogum (Candomble Angola).

Hot/Fierce
type: Concept
definition: Entities of hot, intense, warrior energy. Approached with fire, iron, rum, and strong offerings. Example: Ogun, Shango, Petwo lwa.
in scheme: Temperament Classification
alternative label: Caliente
alternative label: Petwo

Medical Commission
definition: Commission of spirits who were doctors, healers, or medical practitioners in life. Work with healing and health matters. Sometimes called upon in misa for diagnosis.
in scheme: Commission Type Classification
type: Concept
alternative label: Comision Medica

Aspect-Dependent
preferred label: Dépendant de l'aspect @fr
preferred label: Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòrán tí a fihàn @yo
example: Oya presents as feminine in most lineages but some roads (caminos) of Oya are understood as masculine or androgynous.
preferred label: Dependiente del aspecto @es
preferred label: Dependente do aspecto @pt
type: Concept
definition: Polarity varies by named camino, avatar, path, or manifestation. Individual paths should carry their own polarity assertion via iroko:RelationshipAssertion with assertionScope.
alternative label: Camino-dependent
in scheme: Polarity and Gender Modality

Offering
type: Class
subclass of: SacredEntity
comment: A material or symbolic offering given to a spiritual entity. Includes food, drink, objects, colors, animals, and actions. General offering categories are public; specific quantities, combinations, and preparation details are access-restricted.

Labor/Action
definition: Dedicated labor, service, or action performed as offering. Example: building a shrine, completing a vow, acts of charity associated with an entity's domain.
in scheme: Offering Type Classification
type: Concept

Candle/Light
in scheme: Offering Type Classification
definition: Candles or other light sources offered or burned for an entity.
type: Concept

Madama
definition: Commission of maternal African or Afro-Caribbean women spirits, often depicted as market women or healers. Work with protection, home, healing, and practical matters.
in scheme: Commission Type Classification
type: Concept

Sacred Object
in scheme: Offering Type Classification
definition: Ritual objects, implements, or symbolic items offered or dedicated to an entity.
type: Concept

Feminine
preferred label: Feminino @pt
preferred label: Femenino @es
preferred label: Féminin @fr
preferred label: Abo @yo
type: Concept
definition: Consistent feminine polarity in ritual address, manifestation, and alignment across known caminos.
in scheme: Polarity and Gender Modality

Marinero
alternative label: Sailor
definition: Commission of sailor or seafaring spirits. Work with travel, navigation, and matters of the sea. Reflect Caribbean maritime culture.
in scheme: Commission Type Classification
type: Concept

mother of
preferred label: madre de @es
preferred label: mère de @fr
in scheme: Spirit Kinship Relations
preferred label: ìyá fún @yo
type: Concept
preferred label: mãe de @pt

parent entity
comment: The SpiritualEntity of which this Path is an aspect or manifestation.
type: ObjectProperty
minimum access level: access-community-only
domain: Path
range: Spiritual Entity

spouse of
preferred label: alábàáṣiṣẹ́ ìgbéyàwó fún @yo
preferred label: époux ou épouse de @fr
preferred label: cónyuge de @es
in scheme: Spirit Kinship Relations
type: Concept
preferred label: cônjuge de @pt

sacred day
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Day of the week or calendar feast day associated with this entity. Access: public-unrestricted.
domain: Spiritual Entity
range: string
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted

Ori
in scheme: Entity Type Classification
type: Concept
definition: The individual divine head and personal destiny in Yoruba and Yoruba-derived traditions. Not an external spirit but the innermost self and personal divine principle. Ori has a shrine (ile ori), receives rogacion and propitiation, and is considered the most important force in an individual's life. Its guidance supersedes that of the orisa.
scope note: Ori is ontologically distinct from the orisa — personal rather than cosmic, internal rather than external. It should not be classified under orisa.

parent of
preferred label: parent de @fr
preferred label: progenitor de @es
preferred label: òbí fún @yo
in scheme: Spirit Kinship Relations
preferred label: genitor de @pt
type: Concept
scope note: Use when the gendered parent role is unspecified or ambiguous in source material.

Plant/Herb
type: Concept
in scheme: Offering Type Classification
definition: Plants, flowers, or herbal preparations offered to an entity. Links to ewe:Plant instances.

path taboo
domain: Path
comment: Prohibitions specific to this path. Access: community-only.
minimum access level: access-community-only
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty

Money/Coin
type: Concept
in scheme: Offering Type Classification
definition: Coins or currency offered to an entity, particularly common with Elegba, Oshun, and market-oriented spirits.

path temperament
comment: Temperament of this specific path. Values from TemperamentScheme. A path may have a different temperament than its parent entity. Access: public-unrestricted.
domain: Path
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
range: Concept
type: ObjectProperty

Indio
definition: Commission of Indigenous American spirits. Work with nature, healing, and the land. Common in Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Dominican Espiritismo reflecting indigenous Taino presence.
alternative label: Native American
in scheme: Commission Type Classification
type: Concept

commission type
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
range: Concept
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Spiritual Entity
comment: For espiritu-commission entities: the specific commission they belong to. Values from CommissionTypeScheme. Access: public-unrestricted.

sister of
preferred label: hermana de @es
preferred label: ẹ̀gbọ́n tàbí àbúròbìnrin fún @yo
preferred label: irmã de @pt
preferred label: sœur de @fr
type: Concept
in scheme: Spirit Kinship Relations

Orisa
type: Concept
alternative label: Orixa
alternative label: Orisha
definition: Divine forces in Yoruba and Yoruba-derived traditions (Lucumi, Candomble Ketu, Trinidad Orisha, Oyotunji). Orisa are cosmic powers governing natural and human domains, each with specific attributes, offerings, colors, and numbers.
in scheme: Entity Type Classification

lineage notes
domain: Path
minimum access level: access-community-only
range: string
comment: Notes on which lineages recognize this path and any contested aspects of its identity or attributes. Access: community-only.
type: DatatypeProperty

Animal
in scheme: Offering Type Classification
type: Concept
definition: Animal sacrifice or offering. Category is public; specific animals, method, and context are initiated-only.

Music/Song
definition: Songs, drumming, or music performed in honor of an entity. General category is public; specific songs and rhythms are initiated-only.
in scheme: Offering Type Classification
type: Concept

plant association
domain: Spiritual Entity
range: Plant
minimum access level: access-public-unrestricted
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Plants associated with this entity. Links to ewe:Plant instances. Inverse of ewe:entityAssociation. Access: public-unrestricted.

Food
type: Concept
definition: Prepared or natural foods offered to an entity. Specific foods are tradition and entity specific.
in scheme: Offering Type Classification

Intranquil Spirit
alternative label: Espiritu Intranquilo
scope note: Intranquil spirits occupy a contested category in Espiritismo — some practitioners consider them dangerous and do not work with them. Document lineage position via iroko:contestedNotes.
in scheme: Commission Type Classification
type: Concept
definition: Spirits who died in conflict, trauma, or without resolution. Worked cautiously; associated with unrest and unfinished business. Distinct from the other commissions in that they are engaged for specific workings rather than as ongoing guides.